Neuroimaging, AI help detect brain changes
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati and Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin (Dell Med) are leading a study using state-of-the-art neuroimaging techniques and artificial intelligence to identify changes in the brains among children of adults living with bipolar disorder — a debilitating condition that interferes with daily life due to its dramatic mood, energy and activity level shifts.
Almost 3% of U.S. adults live with bipolar disorder, one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. The highest risk factor for bipolar disorder is having a close family member with the condition.
The study is co-led by UC’s Melissa DelBello, MD; Jorge Almeida, MD, and Charles Nemeroff, MD, PhD of Dell Med and Indiana University’s Stephen Strakowski, MD.
Melissa DelBello, MD. Photo/University of Cincinnati.
“We are hoping to clarify how stress and trauma impact brain development in children and adolescents who have a family risk for bipolar disorder,” said DelBello, the Dr. Stanley and Mickey Kaplan Endowed Chair and Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience at UC’s College of Medicine. “This work is the next step in studying risk and resilience factors associated with bipolar disorder.”
The brain’s inability to “hit the brakes” on energy delivered by its reward system results in manic behaviors such as spending too much money, engaging in risky behaviors and sleep loss or disruption, said Almeida, director of the Bipolar Disorder Center at Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences and associate professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Dell Med.
The study is the first of its kind to focus specifically on the progression of the disease over time via neuroimaging in children of parents with bipolar disorder.
The research leverages AI algorithms to discern variations in participants’ brains, combining imaging data with cognitive, clinical, early life adversity and psychosocial function measures. The result is a precise delineation of brain maturation for each person at risk of developing bipolar disorder.
This study will increase our understanding of the onset of bipolar disorder and ultimately help us identify effective strategies to intervene early or prevent the onset of the illness.
Melissa DelBello, MD
The five-year longitudinal study uses functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify early signs that the brain is developing bipolar disorder. Participants ages 14-21 — a critical time when mania symptoms often develop — undergo annual brain scans to track changes in the brain. If they become depressed, suicidal or experience mania, the participants undergo additional brain scans to help researchers understand how the damage is unfolding.
Participants also undergo mood assessments and are required to perform tasks that activate and test the brain’s reward system.
“This study will increase our understanding of the onset of bipolar disorder and ultimately help us identify effective strategies to intervene early or prevent the onset of the illness,” DelBello said.
“This study evokes hope for me,” Almeida said. “Hope that we finally have the tools to help this condition and possibly prevent it from ever happening.”
Impact Lives Here
The University of Cincinnati is leading public urban universities into a new era of innovation and impact. Our faculty, staff and students are saving lives, changing outcomes and bending the future in our city's direction. Next Lives Here.
In its third year of a five-year grant, the research is funded by the National Institute of Mental Health. Additional investigators on the project at UC include David Fleck, PhD, Kelly Cohen, PhD, Cal Adler, MD, and L Rodrigo Patino Duran, MD.
A version of this story was first published in the Dell Med newsroom.
Featured photo at top of brain scans. Photo/Nur Ceren Demir/iStock.
Latest UC News
- Pianist, educator and scholar Lynn Worcester Jones joins CCM’s facultyUC College-Conservatory of Music Interim Dean Jonathan Kregor has announced the addition of Lynn Worcester Jones, DMA, to the college’s roster of distinguished performing and media arts faculty members. Jones is an innovative pianist, educator, writer, speaker, mentor and leader who encourages career preparation and excellence in students. She begins her new role as Associate Professor of Piano Pedagogy and Coordinator of Group Piano at CCM on Aug. 15, 2024.
- Residents concerned about high concentration of low-income housingEfforts to build more affordable housing in Cincinnati have created concerns for residents as low-income housing has been concentrated in some of the city’s poorest neighborhoods, WCPO reported. Gary Painter, PhD, the academic director of the University of Cincinnati’s Carl H. Lindner College of Business real estate program and a professor of real estate, said a complaint against the city could lead to positive outcomes.
- Is ketamine the answer to treatment-resistant depression?The University of Cincinnati's Stephen Rush joined WVXU's Cincinnati Edition to discuss the use of ketamine and esketamine to treat treatment-resistant depression.
- Scientists craft bold plan to unlock secrets of RNAUC Vice President for Research Patrick Limbach is a key figure in the National Academies’ massive undertaking to sequence RNA in the next 15 years.
- Fellowship aimed at diversifying the nursing workforce celebrates a meaningful milestoneTo help prepare and expand a nursing workforce that is reflective of and responsive to an increasingly diverse patient population, UC College of Nursing launched its Cultivating Undergraduate Nursing Resilience and Equity (CURE) program in the fall of 2021.
- GE Aerospace expands Next Engineers program for Cincinnati youthGE Aerospace Foundation is investing further in its Next Engineers program, including the Cincinnati location facilitated by the University of Cincinnati, extending the program locally through 2028. Engineering Academy, a three-year engineering education program for high-schoolers, graduated its first cohort of students. Students who complete the program and go on to pursue an engineering degree in college will receive a scholarship.
